10.3 The Future Perfect Tense
Таблица спряжения глагола "to write "
Утвердительная
форма |
Отрицательная
форма |
Вопросительная форма |
I shall (will) have written |
I shall (will) have not written |
shall (will) have I written? |
you will have written |
you will have not written |
will have you written? |
he will have written |
he will have not written |
will have he written? |
she will have written |
she will have not written |
will have she written? |
It will have written |
it will have not written |
will have itwritten ? |
we shall (will) have written |
we shall (will) have not written |
Shall have we written? |
you will have written |
you will have not written |
will have you written? |
they will have written |
they will have not written |
will have they written? |
Будущее совершенное время образуется с помощью вспомогательного глагола "to have" в форме Future Indefinite и причастия II смыслового глагола.
I'll have looked through the article by 12 o'clock.
Future Perfect употребляется:
1) для выражения будущего действия, которое совершится ранее другого будущего времени:
Before you come 1 shall have done all the work.
До того, как ты придешь, я уже сделаю всю работу.
2) для выражения будущего действия, которое совершится к данному моменту в будущем с такими словами, как by that time, by the end of the month и т. д.
By the end of the week I shall have finished the translation.
На русский язык Future Perfect переводится глаголом в будущем времени совершенного вида, часто со словом "уже".
By 8 o'clock I'll have had dinner. К 8 часам я уже пообедаю.
Ex 1. Дополните предложения, используя глаголы Present Perfect Tense:
1.I know George. I … him for a long time.
2.They are married. They … married since 1983.
3.Brian is ill. He … for two weeks.
4.Alice works in a bank. She … in a bank for five years.
5.I’m learning English. I … learning English for six months.
Ex 2. Используйте предлоги времени for или since с глаголами в Present Perfect Tense.
1.She’s been in London … Monday.
2.She’s been in London … four days.
3.Mike has been ill … a long time. He’s been in hospital … October.
4.My aunt has live in Australia … 15 years.
5.Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty … many years.
6.Mrs Harris is in her office. She’s been waiting … 20 minutes.
Ex 3. Поставьте глаголы, стоящие в скобках, в зависимости от смысла, в Present Perfect Tense Active (I have done) или Past Indefinite Active (I did).
My friend is a writer. She ... (write ) many books.
We ...(not/ have) a holiday last year.
... ( you/ see) Alan last week?
I ... (play) tennis yesterday afternoon.
What time ... ( you/go) to bed last night?
.... ( you/ ever / be) to the USA?
When I was a child, I... (not /like) sport.
Kathy loves travelling. She ... (visit) many countries.
I ... (wash) my hair before breakfast in the morning.
Last year we ... (go) to Finland for a holiday. We ... (stay) there for three weeks.
Ex 4. Переведите, используя времена группы Perfect
На этой неделе я звонил ему несколько раз.
Сегодня я получил письмо от брата.
В этом году моя сестра закончила школу.
Мы не были там сегодня.
Ты был в театре на этой неделе? - Нет, не был.
На этой неделе мы завершили работу.
Ex 5. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect.
I (to be) to USA.
We (know) her since she arrived to our city.
They (to leave) Karaganda this month?
He (not bring) a lot of English papers.
I (to get) a long letter from father this week.
She just (to come); she will speak to you in a minute.
This order ( to lead) to many misunderstandings.
I think the director ( to leave) the town.
He (to write) his name on my book.
I (to forget) your name.
Ex 6. Употребите глаголы в Present Perfect или Past Indefinite.
I (to reply) to his letter today.
How many books you (to read) this week?
I (to be) at the theatre five or six times last month.
He never (to be) in Karaganda.
He (not to answer) my letter.
Where you (to be) last night?
You (to receive) a letter from your father this week?
My son just (to go out).
I (not to come) to you yesterday because I (to be) very busy.
When you (to write) a letter to your friend? – I (to write) a letter to him this week.
Ex 7. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя Past Indefinite и Past Perfect.
Они ушли из института до того, как мы пришли.
К тому времени дети ушли в колледж.
Он повторил слова к тексту к семи часам.
Я сделал домашнюю работу до того, как ты позвонил.
Она сделала половину работы к концу месяца.
Он написал письмо к шести часамю
Он окончил работу гораздо раньше, чем мы ожидали, так как он рассчитывал получить дополнительные деньги.
Тот человек убежал перед тем как начался обыск.
Ex 8. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Future Indefinite, Future Perfect, Present Indefinite, Present Perfect.
Mother (to write) a letter to her tomorrow.
I (to read) the book by the end of the week; you may have it then.
I (to go) to the sports ground as soon as I (to finish) this exercise.
If you ring me up after five I (to speak) to the director.
If you do not make a note of it, you (to forget) it by tomorrow.
By this time next year I (to leave) school and (to be) in Astana.
I (to get) through the greater part of the work when you come.
You (to do) a lot of your work by the end of this month.
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